.

This section provides summary guidelines for each of the priority diseases, events and conditions targeted for surveillance by WHO/AFRO. It provides disease/event/condition specific guidance to:

  • Take action to respond to alerts and action thresholds
  • Identify surveillance goals and objectives,
  • Surveillance data analysis and interpretation,
  • Prepare to use the district analysis workbook or database,
  • Standard case definitions for reporting diseases/event s/conditions.
Epidemic prone diseases, conditions or events which require immediate reporting

  1. Acute haemorrhagic fever syndrome*
  2. Anthrax
  3. Bacterial Meningitis
  4. Chikungunya
  5. Cholera
  6. COVID-19
  7. Dengue fever
  8. Diarrhoea with blood (Shigella)
  9. Listeriosis
  10. Malaria
  11. Measles
  12. Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)
  13. Poliomyelitis
  14. Plague
  15. Rabies (Human)
  16. SARIs/ ILI
  17. Typhoid fever
  18. Yellow fever
  19. MDR/XDR Tuberculosis
  20. Zika virus disease

Also:

A cluster of deaths in the community (animal or human deaths)

A cluster of unwell people or animals with similar symptoms

* Ebola, Marburg, Rift Valley, Lassa, Crimean Congo, West Nile Fever, Dengue

Diseases targeted for eradication or elimination

  1. HIV+ve (new cases up to 24 months)
  2. Leprosy
  3. Malaria
  4. Measles
  5. Neonatal tetanus
  6. Poliomyelitis***
  7. Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH)
  8. Schistosomiasis

*** Disease specified by IHR (2005) for immediate notification

Other major diseases, events or conditions of public health importance

  1. Abortion
  2. Acute and chronic viral hepatitis
  3. Adverse events following immunization (AEFI)
  4. Asthma
  5. Diabetes mellitus (new cases)
  6. Diarrhoea with dehydration less than 5 years of age
  7. Epilepsy
  8. Genital Ulcer
  9. Human Rabies
  10. HIV+ve (new cases)
  11. AIDS (new cases)
  12. Hypertension (new cases)
  13. Infertility
  14. Injuries (Road traffic Accidents)
  15. Malnutrition in children under 5 years of age
  16. Maternal deaths
  17. Mental health conditions
  18. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
  19. Perinatal deaths
  20. Pneumonia less than 5 years of age
  21. STIs
  22. Trachoma
  23. Tuberculosis (new cases)

Human influenza due to a new subtype***

SARS***

Smallpox***

Zika virus disease

Yellow fever

Any public health event of international or national concern (infectious, zoonotic, food borne, chemical, radio nuclear, or due to unknown condition.

*** Disease specified by IHR (2005) for immediate notification